https://www.book.bibliosokol.ru/files/original/11/640/UT_1941_51.pdf 35ce222cf11361b3876635cffcd9940e PDF Text Text _ � ɪɹɬ ȿ _ ɮɨ ɷ¶Š ɵ Ɏɭ´� ɉɪɨɥɟɬɚɪɢɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ� ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɣɬɟɫɶ� ² �� ���� ɫ ɚɛ ʋ _ ɝ� � ɨɹ � _ � ƒ ɐɟɧɚ _ ʋ�� ��� ɨɪɝɚɧ ɋɈɄɈɅɖɋɄɈȽɈ ɊȺɃɄɈɆȺ ȼɄɉ ɛ ɍɄȺɁ ɉɊȿɁɂȾɂɍɆȺ ȼȿɊɏɈȼɇɈȽɈ ɋɈȼȿɌȺ ɋɋɋɊ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ�ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ_ ‹ ɂ ɑɨ Ƚɨɞ _ ɊȺɃɈɇɇɈȽɈ ɋɈȼȿɌȺ ȾȿɉɍɌȺɌɈȼ ɌɊɍȾəɓɂɏɋə� ³A ɩɚ ɵɯ �� ɤɨɩɟɜɤ� � ɢɡɞɚɧɢ ɚɹ ɟɥɇɨɚɨɃ ɚ� ɚɚ� ɍɄȺɁ ȼɈȿɇɇɈɆ ɉɈɅɈɀȿɇɂɂ � ɉɊȿɁɂȾɂɍɆȺ ȼȿɊɏɈȼɇɈȽɈ ɋɈȼȿɌȺ ɋɋɋɊ ɂɚɧ Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɨɦɭ� ɩɨ ȼ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɫɨɛɨɦɭ� �� ȼɨɟɧɧɨɟ ‹���� Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɦɭ ɩ� ©ɩª Ʉɨɧ�_ ɫɨɛɨɦɭ� Ʉɢɟɜɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɫɨɛɨɦɭ� Ɉɞɟɫɫɤɨɦɭ� ɏɚɪɶɧɨɜɟɤɨɦɭ� Ɉɪɥɨɜ� ɜɟɬɫɬɜɹɹ ɫɨ ɫɬ� ɋɋɋɊ� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬ� ɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ Ãɧɨɦɭ� Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɦɭ� Ⱥɪɯɚɧɝɟɥɶɫɤɨɦɭ� ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɦɭ� ɋɢɛɢɪɫɤɨɦɭ� ɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɜɟɟɦɭ ɉɪɢɜɨɥɠɫɤɨɦɭ� ɋɟɜɟɪɨ�Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɫɤɨɦɭ ɢ Ɂɚɤɚɜɤɚɡɫɤɨɦɭ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɋɋɋɊ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɨɛɨɪɨɜɵ ɋɋɋɊ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ� ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɭɥɩɱɧɨɟ ɞɜɢ� ɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ� ɨɛɴɹɜɞɟɧ� ɠɟɧɢɟ� ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɧɟ�_ɧɵɯ ɧɚ �ɜɨɟɰɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ� ɜɒ� ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɨɛɵɫɤɢ ɩ ɡɚɞɟɪ� ɧɨɜɜɵɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ� ɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɨɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ� ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɸ ɜ ɪɚ� ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ� ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨ� ɛɨɬɭ ɬɨɪɝɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɪɵɜ� �� ȼ ɢɡɴɹɬɢɟ ɢɡ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ� ɤɢ� ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɵ� ɫɤɥɚɞɵ� ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹ� ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɫɭɞɚɦɢ ɭɝɨ� ɧɨɫɬɢ� ɬɩɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ � ɤɨɦ ɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɥ� ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ� ɨɛɴɹɜ �� ȼ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɛɚɧɢ� ɩɪɚ� ɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ� ɜɟɺ ɜɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ� ɜɫɟ ɮɭɧɤ� ɱɟɱɧɵɟ� ɩɚɪɢɤɦɚɯɟɪɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɬ� ɞ� � ɚ ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɯ� ɜɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ� ɰɢɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɞɚ� ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɪɦɵ ɨɬɩɭɫ� ɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ� ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ� ɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ� ɨɛɟɟɩɟɱɟ� ɤɚ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɞɨɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟ� ɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɝɨ� ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ� ɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ� ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɟɦɨɬ� ɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɚɞ� ɀ ɜɨɫɩɪɟɳɚɬɶ ɜɴɟɡɞ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨ� ɪɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɢɛɭɧɚɥɨɜ� ɥɟɠɚɬ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɚɦ ɮɪɨɧɬɨɜ� ɫɬɢ� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɦ �ɩɨ� ɜɦɟɧɧɨ� ɚɪɦɢɢ� ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ� ɬɚɦ� ɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ� ɚ ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɺ� ɝɞɟ ɧɟɬ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɜ� ² ɜɵɫɲɟ� � ɜɵɫɟɥɹɬɶ ɜ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɯ� ɦɭ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɨɣɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢ� ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢɡ � ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɯ� ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ� ɩɪɟɞɟɥɨɜ ɩɪɟ� ɧɟɧɢɣ� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ� ɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɨɬ � ɚɜɝɭ� �� ȼ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɞɢ ɢɡ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɟɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɥɢɰ� ɫɬɚ ���� ɝɨɞɚ ɨɛ ɨɯɪɚɧɟ �ɨɛɳɟɫɬ� ɧɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɦ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ� ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦɢ ɜɟɧɧɨɣ �ɫɨɛɟɬ� ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦ ɩ� � ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ Ȼɚɤ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɞɶ� ɜɟɧɜɨɫɬɢ� ɩɪɚɜɨ� ɜ ɜɫɟ ɞɟɥɚ ɧɨɫɬɢ� ɬɚɤ ɢ ɩɨ ɫɜɹɡɹɦ ‹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩ� ɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɯ� ɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸ� ɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɨɣ� ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ�ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɦɹ ɉɨ ɳɢɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ � ɜɫɟɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ� ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬ� ɝ ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɪɚɡɛɨɟ ɫɬ� ��� ɍȼ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɦ ��ɦ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɊɋɎɋɊ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɤ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ȼɕɉɨɞ� ɍɤɚɡɚ� ɜɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɪɚ� ɍȼ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ � ɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ� ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɜɨ� ɞ ɞɟɥɚ ɨɛ ɭɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɛɢɣɫɬ� ɩɭɬɟɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ� ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ� ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚ ɢɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɍɄ ɊɋɎɋɊ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɚɯ ɫɬ� ���²��� ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ� ɜɫɟɝɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ãɭɫɬɚ� ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɍȼ ɞɪɭ� ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ� ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɹ ɡɚ ɧɟɣɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɨ� ɝɚɯ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ � ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ� ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɚɞɦɢɧɢ� ɟ ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɧɚɫɢɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ �ɨɫɜɨ� ‹ ɩɨɠɚɪɚɦɢ� ɷɩɢɞɟɦɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɯɢɣ� ɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɜɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɥɢɲɟ� ɛɨɠɞɟɧɹɹ ɢɡ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɵɦɢ ɛɟɞɫɬɜɜɹɦɢ� ɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɫɪɨɤɨɦ ɞɨ � ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɢɡ ɩɨɞ ɫɬɪɚɠɢ ɫɬ� �� ɍɄ ɊɋɎɟɊ � ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɟɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɹ ɍɄ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ�ɤɜɚɪ� ɢɥɢ ɲɬɪɚɮɚ ���� ɪɭɛɥɟɣ� � ɨɬɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɬɢɪɧɭɸ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɤɜɚɪ� ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɫɬ� ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ � ɀ ɞɟɥɚ ɨɛ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨɞ� ɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɭɱ� ɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ� ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧ� ɧɵɦ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦ ɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɨɛɳɟɣ ɜɨɢɧɟɤɨɣ ɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ� ɨɛɹɡɚɧ� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɬɶ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɭɸ ɢ ɚɜɬɨ� ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɬ ɧɢɯ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɬ� �� ɍɄ ɊɋɎɋɊ ɢ ɫɨɨɬ� ɜ ɝɭɠɟɜɭɸ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɥə ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɜɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɞ� ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɟɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɍȼ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɧɚɞɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ� ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ ɢ ɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜ� ɧɟɧɢɹ� �� ȼɫɟ ɦɟɫɬɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪ� ɞɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɬ�ɫɬ� ɝ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɢɡɴɹɬɢɟ ɬɪɚɧɫ� ��� ɍɄ ɊɋɎɋɊ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ� ɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨ� ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ� ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ��� ɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɞɚɹ ɧɭɠɞ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ ɢɦɭɳɟ� ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ� ɨɪɝɚ� ɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɍɄ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫ�� ɨɛɹɡɚɧɵ ɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɚɜɤ � ɫɬɜɚ ɤɚɤ ɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ� �ɨɛ� ɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ � ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɣ ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɤɨɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞ� ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ Äɜɨɟɧ� ɩɨɤɭɩɤɟ� ɩɪɨɹɬɢɣ ɩ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ� ɬɚɤ ɩ ɭ ɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ ɢ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɭɠɢɹ� ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ� ɫɢɥ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨ ɯɨɜɳɟɧɢɜ ɨɪɭɠɢɹ ɫɬ� ɫɬ� ɞ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɭɠɞ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ �ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟ� ��� ɚɧ ��� ɍɄ ɊɋɎɋɊ ɢ ɫɨɨɬ� ɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ� ɜ ɬɨɦ ɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɛɟɡɨ� ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬ� ɫɬ� ɍɄ ɞɪɭɝɹɯ ɨɜ� ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ � ɤɢɧɨ ɜ ɬ� ɞ� ɨɪɝɚ� ɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɚ� Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ� �� Ɂɚ ɧɟɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɟ �ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟ� ɜɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦ ɧɢɹɦ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɚɡɚɦ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ� ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ� ɫɨɜɟɪ� ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɢɛɭɧɚ ɥɨɜ ɞɟɥɚ ɨ ɫɧɟɤɭɞɹɰɢɢ� ɡɥɨɫɬɧɨɦ ɯɭɥɢɝɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɣɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɞɟɧɢ� ɹɯ� ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɍɬɨɞɨɜɢɵɦɢ Ʉɨɞɟɤɫɚɦɚ �ɋɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ� ɟɺ ɥɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɟɬ ɷɬɨ ɧɺ� ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ���� ɩɨ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ ɝɨɞɚ ɜɨ�B ³ɢɸɧɹ � ɫɬɪɟɦɢɥɫɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦɭ ɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ� �� Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɥ ɜ ɪɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ� ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣ ɭɫ� ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ� Ƚɪɨɞɧɟɧɟɤɨ�ȼɨɞɤɨɜɵɫɤɨɦ� Ʉɨɛɪɢɧɟɤɨɦ� ɬɪɢɛɭɧɚɞɚɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɚ Ȼɪɨɞɫɤɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ� ɧɨ ɭɫɩɟɯɚ ɜɹɥɚɦ� ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ©ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢ � ɟɦ ɨ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɢɛɭɧɚɥɚɯ ɜ ɪɚɣɨ� ɧɚɯ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣª� ə ɢɪ�ɜɨɞɵɧɟɤɨɦ ɢ Ȼɪɨɞɫɤɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜ� �� ɉɪɚɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɢɛɭɜ Ãɞɥɹ ɧɟɝɨ� ɩɨɬɟɪɹɦɢ� ɇɚ ɒɹɭɥɹɣɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɠɚɥɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɤɚɫɫɚɰɚɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɇɢɤ� ɜɤɥɹɧɢɜɲɥɟɶ ɫ ɭɬɪɚ ɧɚ ɧɚɲɭ ɥɨɜ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɜɨɣɫɤ ɛɵɥ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɦɟɧ Ãɤɨɧɬɪɚɬɚɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɒɹɭɥɹɣɫɤɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟ� ɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɵ ɥɹɲɶ ɜ ɩɨɪɹ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ� ɣ ��� ɬɚɧɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɹɜɧɢɤɚ� ��� ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɭɤɚɡ ɪɚɟɩ ɪɨɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɠɟɫɬɨɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɩ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ� ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɵɯ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɹ Ãɵɜɚɹ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ� ɚɷɪɨɞɪɨɦɵ� ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɝɨɟɦɡ ɭɲɧɵɯ ɚɬɚɤ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɢɤɚ ɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɟ ȼ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɛɨɹɯ ɩ ɨɝɧɟɦ ɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɋɋɋɊ� ɧɚɲɟɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɚɢ ɫɛɚɬ �� ɉɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦɚ ɢɫɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɨɫɚɠɟɧ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ �� ɨɤɪɭɝɚɦ� ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ �� ɩɭɧɤɬɚ �ɥ¾ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹ ɋɋɋɊ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ Ʌɟɧɢɧ ?ɜɪɭɝɨɜ² ɪɚɞɟɤɨɝɨ� ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ� Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ� ɐɢɟɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ� Ɉɞɟɫɫɤɨɝɨ� ɏɚɪɶɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ� Ɉɪɥɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ� Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ� Ⱦɪɯɚɧɝɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ� ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ� ɋɢɛɢɪɫɤɨɝɨ� ɉɪɢɜɨɥɠɫɤɨɝɨ� ɋɟɜɟɪɨ�Ʉɚɜɤɚɡ� ȼɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ȻɈɝɨ ɩ Ɂɚɤɚɜɤɚɡɫɤɨɝɨ� Ɇɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ�ɨɛɹɡɚɧɩɵɟ� ɪɨɞɢɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɫ ���� ɩɨ >��� ɝɨɞ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ� ɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɞɧɟɦ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ �� ɢɸɧɹ ���� ɝɨɞɚ� ɉɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ Ɇ� ɄȺɅɂɇɂɇ� ɋɟɤɪɟɬɚɪɶ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ Ⱥ� ȽɈɊɄɂɇ� Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ� Ʉɪɟɦɥɶ� ���� �� ɢɸɧɹ ɝɨɞɚ� ɍɄȺɁ ɉɊȿɁɂȾɂɍɆȺ ȼȿɊɏɈȼɇɈȽɈ ɋɈȼȿɌȺ ɋɋɋɊ � �� ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɋɋɋɊ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ �� ɩ� ©ɩª Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ ɋɋɋɊ ɨɛɴɹɜɢɬɶ ɜɨɟɩ� �ɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ Ⱥɪɯɚɧɝɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ȼɟɥɨɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ� ȼɨɥɨɝɨɞ� _ɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɟɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ɒɜɚɧɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɞɚɫɬɢ� Ʉɚɪɟɥɨ�Ɏɢɧ� ɋɋɊ� Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɞɚɪɫɤɨɦ ɤɪɚɟ� Ʉɪɵɦɫɤɨɣ ȺɋɋɊ� ɋɋɊ� Ʌɚɬɜɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ� ɝɨɪɨɞɟ Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚ� ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ʌɢɬɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɢ¶ Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ� Ɇɭɪɦɚɩɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ɨɞɟ Ɇɨɫɤɜɟ ɢ Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ɉɪɥɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ɋɨɫɬɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɚɫɬɢ� Ɋɹɡɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� Ɍɭɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ɍɜɪɚɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ� ɗɫɬɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ ɢ əɪɨɫɥɚɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ɉɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɉɪɟɡɧɞɢɭɦɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ Ɇ� ɄȺɅɂɇɂɇ� Ȭ ɋɟɤɪɟɬɚɪɶ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ Ⱥ� ȽɈɊɄɂɇ� �ɨɫɤɜɚ� Ʉɪɟɦɥɶ� ���� ɢɸɧɹ ɝɨɞɚ� ��� ɨɣ _ ` ɍɄȺɁ ɉɊȿɁɂȾɂɍɆȺ ȼȿɊɏɈȼɇɈȽ � ɋɈȼȿɌ ɘ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ �� � ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ� Ɉɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɣ ɨɧɵ ɚ ɢɣ _ _ µɨɦ� ɹ � ɝɢ ʋ Ã_ � ɩɹɬɢ ɬɵɫɹɱ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɨ ɫɛɢɬɨ �� ɫɚɦɨɥɟɬɨɜ ɜɨɞɤɟ Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɚɧ� Ɇ� ɄȺɅɂɇɂȿ ɋɟɤɪɟɬɚɪɶ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɋɋɋɊ� Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ� Ʉɪɟɦɥɶ� �� ɢɸɧɹ ���` ɝɨɞɚ� Ⱥ� ȽɈɊɄɂ� _ �² CɋȺɦɈɈɌȼȿɊɇȿɇɇɈɃ ɍȾȺɊɇɕɃ ɌɊɍȾ ɊȺȻɈɌɈɃ ɇȺ ɄɈɅɏɈɁɇɕɏ Ɇɢɬɢɧɝɢ ɬɪɭɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɊɈȾȺ ɋ ɝ Ʉɪ ɉɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɩɪɨɲɥɹ ɦɧɨɝɨ� ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɢɬɢɧɝɢ ɬɪɭɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ� ɧɚ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɪɜɚɜɲɟɝɨɟɹ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɨɪɚ� �ɮɚɲɢɫɬ� ɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɝɢ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪɚ� �Ɍɪɭɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɡɚɹɜɥɹɸɬ ɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɳɢ� Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ ɳɚɬɶ ɪɨɞɢɧɭ� ɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɶ Ⱥɪɦɩɢ ɛɚɬɶ ɜɪɚɝɚ� ɭɤɪɟɩɥɹɹ ɬɪɭ� ɞɨɜɭɸ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɭ� ɩɨɜɵɲɚɹ ɩɪɨɣɡ� ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɭɞɚ� ȼ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɲɥɢ ɦɜɬɢɜɝɢ� ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɨɛɵ� ɬɹɸ� ȼɨɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɢɲɭɬ ɪɚɛɨɱɧɟ� ɫɥɭɠɚ� ɳɢɟ ɢɧ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɞ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɎɁ� ʋ � ɜ ɪɟɡɨɥɸɰɢɹ� ɩɪɢ� Ɋɍȼɂ ȼȺ� � ɌȿȽ Ɉ� � ɧɹɬɨɣ ɧɚ ɦɢɬɢɧɝɟ� Ãɡɚɫɥɭɲɚɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɜ� Ɏɢ� ɥɢɧɚ ɨ ɧɟɫɥɵɯɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɚɞɟɧɢɢ ɇɚ ɧɚɲɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɣɫɤ� ɦɵ� ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ� ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɟ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɚɜɚɸ� ɳɢɣ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɎɁ� ʋ �� ɷɬɨɣ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɦ ɫɜɨɟ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɝɥɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɤɚɰɢɟɣ ɮɚɲɢɡɦɚ ɣ ɤɚɤ ɩɚɬɪɢɨɬɵ ɪɨɞɢɧɵ ɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɦ� ɱɬɨ ɦɵ ɬɨɬɨɜɵ ɤ ɡɚɳɰɹɬɟ ɪɨɞɢɧɵ� Ɇɵ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɵ� ɱɬɨ ɜɪɚɝ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɡ� ɛɢɬ� ɩɨɛɟɞɚ�ɛɭɞɟɬ ɡɚ ɧɚɦɢ� ɇɚ ɩɪɹ� ɡɵɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɦɵ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɦ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ � ɫɩɞɨ� ɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ� Ɇɵ ɨɛɹɡɭɟɦɫɹ ɟɳɟ ɫɢɥɶ� ɧɟɣ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɭɸ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɭ� ɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɉɨɪɭ� ɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ� Ɇɵ ɨɛɹɡɭɟɦɫɹ ɫɨ� ɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ� ɨɤɚ� ɉɈɅəɏ ɂ �� ɢɸɧɹ ���� ɝ�� ʋ �� ɉɊȿȾɉɊɂəɌɂəɏ Ȼɭɞɟɦ ɱɟɫɬɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɯɨɡɧɵɯ ɉɈɅəɏ ȻɍȾȿɆ ɉɈɆɈȽȺɌɖ ȻɂɌɖ ��� ȼɊȺȽȺ ɍɤɪɟɩɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɜ ɬɵɥɭ ɉɭɫɬɶ ɬɜɟɪɞɨ ɡɧɚɸɬ ɧɚɲɢ ɦɭɠɶɹ� ȼɟɫɶ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɪɨɞ ɝɪɭɞɶɸ Ⱦɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɚɲɚ �ɤɨɦɦɭɧɬ� ɫɜɨɟɣ ɪɨɞɢɧɵ� ɫɵɜɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɛɪɚɬɶɹ� ɱɬɨ ɦɵ ɧɺ ��� ɧɚ ɜɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ȿ��Ⱦ� ə ɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɚɪɬɢɹ� �� ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɤɨɥɯɨɡɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɨɞɥɵɣ ɜɪɚɝ ɥɚɛɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɜ ɬɵɥɭ� ɬɵɥ ɜ ɧɚ� ɱɬɨɛɵ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɟ ɡɨɡɧɢɰ Ʉɭɞɪɢɧɫɜɨɝɨ ɫɟɥɶɫɨɜɟɬɚ ‹� ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɬ� Ⱦɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚɲɟ ɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɠɧɵɯ ɪɭɤɚɯ� ɧɚɲɟɣ ɧɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɝɞɟ ɦɢɬɢɧɝ� ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɚɬɟɞɶɫɬɜɨ� ɛɪɚɥɢɫɶ �� ɜɸɜɹ ɉɪɢɡɵɜɚɟɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚɲɟɦɭ ɡɟɦɥɟ� ɜɵ ɧɚɝɥɨɣ ɨ Ⱦɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚɲɚ ɦɨɝɭɱɚɹ ɡɚɫɥɭɲɚɥɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɨɜɨɠɚɹ ɧɚ ɮɪɨɧɬ ɫɜɨɹɯ ɦɭɠɟɣ� ɩɪɢɦɟɪɭ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɥɯɨɡɧɢɤɨɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ� ɧɚɩɚɜ� ɮɚɲɢɫɬɨɜ� ɥɚɡɤɟ ɢ Ʉɪɚɫɧɚɹ Ⱥɪɦɢɹ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɯ ȼɨɟɧɧɨ�Ɇɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɨɫɬɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɬɵɥɭ� ɫɵɧɨɜɟɣ ɢ ɛɪɚɬɶɟɜ� ɦɵ ɧɟ ɨɫɥɚɛɢ Ɏɥɨɬ� ɲɢɯ ɧɚ ɧɚɲɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ� ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɤɪɟɩɹɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɜ ɑɟɫɚɥɨɜɚ� Ⱦɭɞɭɤɢɧɚ� Ƚɭɫɟ� ɟɳɟ ɚ Ʉɨɥɯɨɡɧɢɤɹ� ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɹ ɧɚ ɦɢɬɢɧ� Ⱦɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɨɠɞɔ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ ɜɚ� Ȼɨɛɚɧɨɜɚ� ȿɪɟɦɢɧɚ� ɉɪɨ� ɬɵɥɭ� Ɇɵ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɞɨɛɪɢɥɢ ɝɟ� ɟɞɢɜɨɞɭɲɧɨ ȼɟɥɹɜɢɣ ɋɌȺɅɂɇ� ɯɨɪɨɜɚ Ɇ�� ɉɪɨɯɨɪɨɜɚ Ʌ�� ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɦ ɭɛɨɪɤɭ ɭɪɨɠɚɹ� ɞɨ� ɧɚɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɥɢɫɶ ɬɟɪɶ ɋ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ Ʌ� ɏɭɯɚɧɨɜɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɟɦɫɹ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɝɨ �� ɩɨɞ� ɩɚɬɪɢɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɞɔ� ɫɪɨɱɧɨ ɤɨɦ� ɬɟɫɧɟɟ ɫɩɥɨɬɢɬɶɫɹ ȼɨɤɪɭɝ ɩɧɟɣ � ɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɨɲɟɥ ɦɚɬɢɜɝ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɥɢ ɹɜ� ɟɳɟ ɨɛɹɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ ‹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ� ɞɨ ɦɭɜɢɫɬɚɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɬɢɢ� ɟɳɟ ɥɭɱɲɟ � Ʉɨɥɯɨɡ ©ɋɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɞ¾� ɋɨ� ɩɨ ɩɨɞ� ɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ� ɇɚ ɦɚɬɢɜɝɟ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ �ɪɟ� ɢɸɞɹ ɜɧɟɫɟɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɯɨɡɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɹɯ� Ɍɟɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɨɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɟɥɶɫɨɜɟɬɚ� ɡɚɟɦ� ɡɨɥɸɰɢɹ� ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɩɟɜɟ ɚɪɬɟɥɢ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɶ ɨɛɹɡɚɥɢɫɶ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɬɪɭ� ɫɚɦɵɦ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ȼɪɚɫɧɨɣ Ⱥɪɦɩɢ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɝɢɬɅɟ� ɞɨɜɭɸ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɭ� ɜɫɟɦɟɪɧɨ ɩɨɜɵ� ɪɨɜɫɤɢɦɢ ɛɚɧɞɢɬɚɦɢ� ɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɩɬɟɞɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ɏ Ɏ ɬɪɭɞɚ� Ɏ ɒɢɥɨɜ� � ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɹ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɞɨɛɥɟɫɬ� ȼɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɉɨ ɪɚɞɢɨ ɧɨɣ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ Ⱥɪɦɢɧ ɢ ȼɨɟɧɧɨ�Ɇɨɪ� �ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɚɬɶ ɫɤɨɦɭ Ɏɥɨɬɭ ȼɪɚɝ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧ ɩɨɞɧɭɸ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɣ Ɋɨɺ� Ʉɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɨ Ɋɟɣɬɟɪ� ɥɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ ɩɨɛɟɞɭ ɧɚɞ ɨɡɜɟɪɟɜɲɢɦ ɮɚɲɢɫɬɟɜɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɷɤɛ� ɥɸɛɭɸ ɫɹɩ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ Ⱥɜɝɥɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɞɩɨ Ɂɚɤɥɹɬɵɣ ɜɪɚɝ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɟ� �� ɢɸɧɹ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɨɪɨɦ� ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ� ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭŠ ɫ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɢɥ ɡɚɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɢ ɤɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɫɬɜɚ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ �� ɜɸɧɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɫɹ ɦɩɌɢɇɝ ȼ ɬɚɪɢɚɬɚ ɑɟɪ� ɦɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚ� ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɟɦɶɟɪ�ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪ ɮɚɲɢɫɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɆɌɋ ɝɥɚɜɚ ɆɌɋ� ÄɄɨɞɞɟɤɬɹɜ ə ɡɚɬɶɟɹ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɣ ɟɣ� Ɇɵ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɛɨɦ� ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶ� ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɡɚɹɜɢɥ� ɱɢɥɥɶ� ɑɟɪɱɢɥɥɶ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɢɬɶ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɸ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢ ɞɧɟɦ� ɜ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣ ɧɚ ɦɢɬɢɧɝɟ ɪɟɡɨɞɸɞɢɢ �ȼɵɫɬɭɩɢɬɖ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤɚɤɢɯ�ɞɢɛɨ ɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɣ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɥ� ɱɬɨ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɤɢ ɜɨɣɧɵ ɧɚɝɥɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɢɥ ɧɚɲɭ� ɝɨɫɭ� ɩɟɪɟɞ ɜɚɦɢ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɜɟɱɟɪɨɦ� ɩɛɨ ɦɵ ɧɨɱɶɸ� ɜɫɟ ɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɫɛɪɚ� ɫɵɜɚɹ ɧɚ ɜɟɟ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɞɵɲɟɟ ɤɟɥɹɱɟ� ɩɨɞɥɨɝɨ ɜɪɚɝɚ ɨɛɹɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɪɨɱɧɨ �ɧɚɜɹɡɚɞ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɢ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɩɨɜɨɪɨɬ� ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɢ ɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɸ ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɜ � ɫɬɜɨ ɛɨɦɛ ɢ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɧ� ɜɨɣɧɵ� ɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɜɨɣɧɭ� ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɦɭ ɧɚɪɨɞɭ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɚɞɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɬɨɪɝɫɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɦɟɫɹɰ ɜɫɟ ɛɨ� ɜɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɚɥ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɱɚɫɚ ɧɚɝɥɵɣ ɭɬɪɚ ȼ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɨɫɬɭ� ɫɨɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ ɜɟ ɡɚɹɜɢɥɚ ɜɣ ɥɟɟ ɨɫɬɪɨ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɶɹ� ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɟɣɸ� ɡɚɳɚɬɭ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɩɨɤ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɪɨɞ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɠɚɥɨɛɵ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɬɨɝɨ� ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɨɛɪɟɤɥɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɬɜɨ� ɪɨɞɢɧɵ� ɢ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɩɚɪɬɢɣ ɫɩɥɨɬɢɬɟɹ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ Ɂɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ� ɱɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɱɺɟ� ɨ ɧɟɧɚɩɚɞɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ Ƚɟɪ� ɇɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɭɠɱɢɧ�ɬɪɚɤɬɨɪɟɫɬɨɜ ɟɟ ɜɨɠɞɹ ɬɨɜ� ɋɬɚɥɢɧɚ� ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɶ� ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɚɜɢɚɰɢɹ� ɫɪɚɠɚɹɫɶ ɪɚ ɋɋɋɊ �ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɟɹ� ɢ ɧɟ ɦɚɧɢɟɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡ ɆɌɋ ɹɞɭɬ ɜ ɚɪɦɢɸ� ɧɚ ɢɯ ɦɟ� ɲɟ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɟɬ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɟɣ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɟ� ɧɚɞ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɨ ɜɫɬɚɧɭɬ ɠɟɧɳɚɧɵ ɩ ɫ ɱɟɫɬɶɸ ɬɪɭɞɚ� ɭɤɪɟɩɢɬ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɭɸ �ɞɜɟɰɢɩ� ɉɪɢɤɪɵɜɚɹɫɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ� ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶ� ɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɸ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɚɪ� ɞɢɜɭ� ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ� ɜɵɟ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ� ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɢɥɚ �� ɝɟɪ� ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɥɢɧɢɣ� ɚɪɦɢɣ ɧɚ ɤɚ� ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɬɢɟɣ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ� Ɍ�ɬ� Ɍɟɳɟ� ɬɪɭɞɹɳɧɟɫɹ ɦɨɪɹ� Ƚɟɪ� ɦɚɧɟɤɢɯ ɛɨɟɜɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ ɜ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ɩɨɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɬ Ȼɟɥɨɝɨ ɞɨ ɑɟɪɧɨɝɨ �ɫɬɪɚɜ ɩɨɬɚɞɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɚ �� ȼ�� Ʌɟɳɟɜɚ Ɍ� ɂ� ɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ� Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɣ� ɧɚɞ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ�ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɦɚɧɟɜɢɟ ɜ ɋɨɸɡɚ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɆɌɋ� ɫɜɨɟ ɜ ɞɚɥɢ ɬɪɭɞɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɜɲɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɷɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ� ȼ ɞɚɥɴɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɞɢɜɢɡɢɢ ɛɪɨɧɟɬɚɧɤɨɜɵɟ ɭɲɟɞ� ɨɛɳɚɦɢ ɭɫɢɥɢɹɦɢ ɪɚɡɨɛɶɸɬ ɡɚɪɜɚɜ� ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɭɠɱɢɧ� ɡɚɧɢɦɚɥɢ ɫɜɨɣ ɉɨɡɢ� ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ�ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚ ɲɟɝɨɫɹ ɜɪɚɝɚ� ɲɢɯ ɜ ɪɹɞɵ ɊȿɄȺ� ɛɟɡ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɣ� ɫɢɥ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɶ� Ʉɪɚɫɧɚɹ Ⱥɪ� ɰɢɢ� ȼɧɟɡɚɩɧɨ� ɇɚɲɚ ɞɨɛɥɟɫɬɧɚɹ ȼ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɟ � ɋɢɪɨɬ� ɒɨɮɟɪ ɤɨɦɫɨɦɨɥɤɚ ɬɨɜ� ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɥɶɬɢ� ɲɢɯ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚɯ� ɞɚɠɟ ɧɵ� �ɫɨɤɪɭɲɢɬɟɥɶ� ɜɪɚɝɭ ɦɢɹ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩ�� ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɩɨɫɵɩɚ ɤɢɧɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ� �ə ɫ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɣ ɫɩɪɚɜ� ɧɵɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɜɚ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɟ ɭɞɚɪ� ȼɪɚɝ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧ� ɦɚɬɭɦɚ� ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɨɬ ɛɨɦɛɵ� Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚ� ɦɨɳɶ� ɜɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɦɵ ɥɸɫɶ� ɧɟ ɩɨɞɤɚɱɚɸ� Ⱥ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɨɬɪɟ� Ɇɵ� ɨɫɬɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ Ɍɕɞɭ� ɞɨɥɠ� ɥɢɫɶ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɒɬɚɬɨɜ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɋɨɟɞɚɧɟɜɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɨ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɛɭɟɬɫɹ� ��Ɇ� ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɟɧɨ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨ� ɮɪɨɧɬɭ� ɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɶ ɧɵ ɜɫɟɦɟɪɧɨ ȼɋɹ� ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤ� ɩɨɣɞɭ ɧɚ ɮɪɨɧɬ ɢ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫɨ ɜɫɺɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɯ Ɇɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ� ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɦ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɦ ɛɭɞɭ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɬɟɪɚ ɥ ɫɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦɢ ɛɨɦɛɚɪ� ɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɭɪɨɠɚɣ� ɧɟ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɜ ɧɢ �ɞ� Ɉɧɚ ɀɟɧɳɢɧ ɞɨɛɪɨɣ ɩɪɢɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɟɪɵ� ɋɜɢ� ɞɢɪɨɜɳɢɜɚɦɢ� ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɨɞɢɧɭª� ɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɧɚɲɹɯ ɯɥɟɛɨɜ� ɗɬɩɦ ɇɟ ɦɧɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɜ ɇɨɪɜɟɝɢɢ� ɛɵɥɚ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɦɵ ɱɟɝɨ ɞɟɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɧɚɲɟɣ Ɋɨɞɢɧɵ� ɦɵ ɭɜɪɟɩɢɦ ɦɨɳɶ ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɒɬɚɬɨɜ� ɧɨ � ɦɨɝɭ ɩɨ� ɢ ɜ ȿɨɬɨ� ɚɪɦɢɸ� Ȼɟɥɶɝɢɢ ɭɯɨɞɚɳɢɯ Ƚɨɥɥɚɧɞɢɢ� Ⱦɚɧɢɢ� ɦɭɠɱɢɧ� ɧɚɲɟɣ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ Ⱥɪɦɢɢ� ɩɨɦɨɠɟɦ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ� ɱɬɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɦɨɝɚɬɶ ɮɪɨɧɬɭ� ɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɬɵɣ� ɪɵɟ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɭɱɚɫɬɢɜ ɲɚɤɚɥɚ ɩɨɛɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɪɚɝɚ� ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬ� ɱɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɜɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɪɭɲɢɥ Ɇɭɫɫɨɥɢɧɢ ɫɵɧɨɜɟɣ² ɜɨ� ə� ɤɚɤ ɨɬɟɰ ɞɜɭɯ ɋɨɜɟɬɺɤɭɸ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬ ɯɨɬə ɤ Ƚɪɟɰɢɢ� ɧɨɜ� Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ Ⱥɪɦɢɩ� ɡɚɹɜɥɹɸ� ɱɬɨ ɛɵ ɦɚɥɟɣɲɟɦɭ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɥɚɫɣɸ ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɬ Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɪɨɞ ɦɟɥ ɫɵɧɨɜɶɹ ² ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɧɢɤɢ �ɛɨɥɶ� ɪɨɞɢɧɵ ɲɟɜɢɫɬɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɬɢɹ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɛɢɬɶ ɜɪɚ� ɪɨɞɧɭɸ ɡɟɦɥɸ� ɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɨɠɞɢ ɩɪɢ� ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɞɢ �ɩɥɜ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɸ ȼɵ ɫɬɪɚɧ� �ɞɟɦɨɜɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɧɰɚ� ɭɫɧɥɢɣ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɹ ɡɜɚɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɬɚɪɟɣɲɢɟ ɩɪɨɩɡɜɨɞ� ɬɚ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ� ɞɨɛɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ� �� ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ȼ ɋȼɈ� ɪɟɲɢɥɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɭɞɨɜɢɳɟɦ ɛɭ� Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɇɚɨɛɨ� ɞɨɜɟɪɮɹ Ⱥ� ɒ� Ƚɥɚɡɨɜ ɦɢɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɞ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɧɚɪɨɞɚ� ɨɲɢɛɚɟɬɫɹ� ɠɟɫɬɨɤɨ ɇɟ ɭɞɨ� ɨɧ ɢ ɪɚɡɛɨɹ� ɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɶ ɢɦ ɡɞɟɫɶ� ɜ ɬɵɥɭ� ə ɟɣ ɠɚɠɞɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɚɧɜɧɚɢ ɩɪɨɹ� ɞɭ ɞ ɪɨɬ� ɦɵ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɤɪɟɰɢɦɟɹ ȼ ȿɜɪɨ� ɱɬɨ ɜɫɹ ɬɟɦ� ɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɜɲɢɟɶ ɦɧɟ ɜɨ ɧɨ ɴɧɨɫɬɶ� �ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨ� ɢɧɜɚɞɢɞ²² ɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪ� �ɱɟɥɨɜɟ� ɧɚɲɟɦ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɩɚɫɬɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨ� ɩɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɭ ɧɟɝɨ ɩɨɞ ɤɚɛɥɭɤɨɦ ɤɪɟɩɞɹɬɶ ɦɵ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɭɸ ɟɳɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɢɥɵ� ɨɬ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪɚ� ɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɩɪɚɜɹɢ ɩ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɞɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱ� ɦɨɱɶ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɧɬɶ ɜɪɚɝɚ� ȼɪɚɝ ɛɭ� ɢɥɢ ɡɚɩɭɝɚɧɚ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɨɫɥɚɛɧɟɦ ɜ ɚ ɜɟ Ʉ� Ʌɟɛɟɞɟɜ� ɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ� ɨ� ɭɫɩɞɢɦɫɹ� ɢ ɜ ɜɚɲɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɯ� ɞɟɬ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧ� ɋɜɨɸ ɤɪɨ� ɪɟɲɢɦɨɫɬɹ Ʉɨɥɯɨɡ ©Ʉɪɚɡɧɵɣ ɫɬɪɨɩɬɟɥɶª� ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɧɚɱɚɥ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ȼɬɨɪɠɟɧɢɟ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ əȼ� Ɉɛɥɟɡɨɜɫɤ ɨɝɨ ɫɟɥɶɫɨɜɟɬɚ� ɜɚɜɭɸ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ� ɧɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɱɟɦ �ɩɪɟɥɸɞɧɟɣ ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɚɯ Ɋɨɫ� ɜɬɨɪɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ Ȼɪɢɬɚɜ� ɋɋɋɊ ɤ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɟ ɇɚɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ Ⱥɡɢɢ� ɢ ɫɢɜ Ɉɧ� ɧɟɫɨɦɧɟɧɧɨ� ȼ�� ɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɚ� ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪɚ ɥɢɲɶ �ɩɨɞ� Ⱦɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɢɞɭɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɞ� ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɝɨɬɨɜɤɨɣ ɤ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɟ �ɜɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɞɟɟɬɫɹ� ɁɹɆɕ ɣ ɧɟɧɨ ɞɨ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɥɟɜɢɹ ɟɳɟ ȼ Ʉɪɚɫɧɭɸ Ⱥɪɦɢɸ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ� ��� ɦɢɥɥɢɨɧɨɜ ��� ɢɥɢ ȼɟɥɢɜɨ� ɡɚɜɨɟɜɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɫɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨ� ɠɢɜɭɳɢɯ ɜ Ʉɚɬɚɟ� ɦ ��� ɦɢɥɥɹɨ� ȼ ɋɨɤɨɥɶɟɤɢɣ ɪɚɣɜɨɟɧɤɨɦɚɬ ɤɚɤ ɮɥɨɬ ɩ ȼ�� ɜ ɂɧɞɢɢ� ɜ ɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɞɨ ɬɨɝɨ� ɋɨɟɞɹɧɺɜ� ɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɬɪɭɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɨɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ� ɠɢɜɭɳɢɯ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɟɧɧɨ�ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɩɪɨɩɚɫɬɶ µɪɚɣɨɧɚ ‹ ɩɪɨɫɶɛɨɣ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɡɚ� ɛɟɡɞɨɧɧɭɸ ɒɬɚɬɨɜ ɫɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɶɫɹ ȼ ɧɵɯ ɧɚɞ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɨɞɪɭɠɟ� ɩɧɟɥɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɪɚɞɵ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ Ⱥɪɦɢɢ� ɞɟɝɪɚɞɚɰɢɢ� ɛɨɪɶɛɭ� Ɉɧ ɧɚɞɟɟɬɫɹ� ɱɬɨ �� ɫɧɨɜɚ ɧɚ ɞɴɹɜɨɞɶɟɤɚɹ ɷɦɛɥɟɦɚ ɫɜɚɫɬɢɤɢ� ɡɚɳɪ� ɜ ɛɨɥɶ� ɫ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɨɪɭɠɧɟɦ Ãɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɶ� ɧɨ ɜ ɟɳɟ ɨɝɥɚɫɢɥ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɸ ɑɟɪɱɢɞɚɶ ɌɈɌ ɚɬɶ ɧɚɲɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ ɨɬ ɮɚɬɩɢɫɬɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚɯ� ɱɟɦ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ� ɲɢɯ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ � Ɍɨɦ� ɡɛɨɣɧɢɤɨɜ� ɩɪɨ� ɫȼɨɣɯ ɩɪɨɞɟɫɟ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧɢɹ Cȼ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɜ� ɂɤɨɜɧɢ� ɱɬɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ �ɩɨɞɧɨ ɹ ɪɟɲɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɌɢȼɧɂȻɨɜ ɩɨɨɞɢɧɨɱɤɟ� ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɌɚȻ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪɚ �ɧɚɰɩɨɧɚɥ� ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ©ə ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɚɬɶ ɫ ɉ� Ɏ� ɩɹɳɟɬ� ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɭɞɚɜɚɥɫɹ� Ɇɵ ɜɢ� ɞɨɥɝɨ ɟɦɭ ɫɨɞɢɚɥɢɫɬɟɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ� ɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ _ ɩɨɟɞɭ ɜ ɪɹɞɵ ɊȿɄȺ ɹ ɞɨɛɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɧ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɦɟɧɹ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸ� ɤɨɝɞɚ� ɫɤɚɡɚɥ ɑɟɪɱɢɥɥɶ� ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɉɨɥɭɲɚɪɥɹ� Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɝɨ Ɇɵ ɫ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪɨɦ� Ⱥɪɦɢɥ� ɧɚ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɜɨɪɵ �ɨɩɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ ȾɅə ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ȿɪɚɫɧɨɣ �ɨɩ�ɫ� ɛɭɞɟɦ ɛɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɜɚ ɫɭɲɟ� ɧɚ ɦɨɪɟ� Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ Ɋɨɫɫɥɹ ɜ Ɇɵ ɨɤɚɠɟɦ ɋɒȺ� Ɍɚɤ� ɢ ɬ�ɬ� ɉɚɜɥɨɜ ɜ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ� ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɹ ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ� Ƚ� ɤɨɣɯɨɡɚɢɤ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɦɭ ɧɚɪɨɞɭ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ� ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ Ɇɵ ɨɛɪɚ� ɠɟ� ɤɚɤ ɞɟɥɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɦɨɠɟɦ� ɤɚɤɭɸ Ʉɭɞ� ɡɟɦɞɸ ʋ ɞɨɦ� ɵɣ ɤɭɫɬɚɪɶ¾� ɫɜɨɸ ɡɚ ɛɨɪɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɞɘɞɟ ɬɹɦɟɹ ‹ ɩɪɢɡɵɜɨɦ ɤɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɜɚɲɢɦ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɜɟɬɚ� ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ� �ɱɚ� ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɟɥɨɦ ɜɨ ȼɫɟɯ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɢ ɜɟɫɶ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɞɪɭɡɶɹɦ ɢ ɫɨɸɡɧɢɤɚɦ ɜ �� ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ ɌȺ ɨɬɹɯ ɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɲɚɪɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ µɨɞɧɢɦ� ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢ� ɲɚɪɚ� Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ ɬɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɹ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɝɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɚɧɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ� ɤɚɤ ɢ ɦɵ� ɡɚɪɜɚɜɲɟ� ɞɨɜɭ Ɂɚ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚ Ʌɹɦɢ ɧɚ� Ɇɵ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢ� ɢɣ Ɂɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɰɚ� ɁȺ ɊɍȻȿɀɈɆ ɑɟɪɱɢɥɥɹ �ɣ ɱɜɚɫɬɚɫɵ Ãɜɡɵɜɚɬɶ C ɫɬɜɢɟ ɜɫɟɦɟɪɧɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɜ ɫɨɞɟɣ� ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɫɟɣ ɛɟɫɩɨ� ɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ� Ɇɵ ɫɨ ɪɚɡɨɛɥɚɱɚɬɶ ɣ ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɢ ɪɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɛɨɪɶɛɭ ɫ ɩɚɜɢ� ‹ ɢ� ɉɕɵɬɚɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɥɸɞɶɦɢ� ɚɫɵ� ɫ� ɜɫɹɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɣ ɚɋɋɋɊ ɦ ɜɨɨɞɭɲɟɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ȼɟɪɯɨɜ� ɢɱɨɧɶ ɨɛ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɟ� ɂ _ ɜ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɦɵ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ� ɟɳɟ ɬɟɫɧɟɟ ɒ _ ɤ Ɂɚɳɢɬɟ ȿ ɧ� ə� ? ɚ ɚɥɚɧ ʋ ��� ɭɥ�� ɞɨɦ ʋ �� ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧ ɂɜɨɛɞɟɨɜɟɬɚ ɥɟɩɭɬ� ɚɬɨ Bɬɭɥɚɬɚɯɨɹ� ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ударный труд; 1941 год Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941 год Language A language of the resource Русский Ссылка на документ A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet. ССЫЛКА НА ДОКУМЕНТ https://book.bibliosokol.ru/files/original/640/UT_1941_51.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 051 (886) Description An account of the resource Газета "Ударный труд" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 25.06.1941 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://opac.bibliosokol.ru/index.php?lvl=bulletin_display&id=2983 1941 Ударный труд